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圖片(piàn)名稱

What is a shearing machine

2021-09-15

main classification

Special shearing machine

Use with other equipment to complete special purposes:

1. Shearing machine for cold bending forming line: such as special shearing machine configured on production lines such as automobile longitudinal beam cold bending line, carriage side baffle production line, color steel plate forming line, etc.;

2. Shearing machine for steel structure production line: it is mostly used for angle steel and H-beam automatic production line to complete the shearing process;

3. Plate opening and leveling line shearing machine: It is a high-speed shearing machine designed to meet the requirements of high-speed cutting of the production line for plate uncoiling and leveling. The thick plate line is mostly hydraulic high-speed shearing machine, and the thin plate line is more Equipped with pneumatic shearing machine; high-speed line is equipped with flying shearing machine, continuous production and high efficiency.

Inclined blade shearing machine

The upper and lower blades of the shearing machine are at an angle. Generally, the upper blade is inclined, and the inclination angle is generally 1° to 6°. The shearing force of the inclined blade shearing machine is smaller than that of the flat blade shearing machine, so the motor power and the weight of the whole machine are greatly reduced, and the practical application is the most.

Flat blade shears

The shearing quality is good, the distortion is small, but the shearing force is large and the energy consumption is large. More mechanical transmission. The upper and lower cutting edges of the shearing machine are parallel to each other, and are often used for hot shearing of blooms and slabs in rolling mills.

Multipurpose shearing machine

1. Combined punching and shearing machine: It can complete the shearing of the sheet and the profile, which is mostly used for the blanking process;

2. Sheet metal bending and shearing machine: that is, two processes of cutting and bending can be completed on the same machine.

  working principle

After shearing, the shearing machine should be able to ensure the straightness and parallelism of the shearing surface of the sheared sheet, and minimize the distortion of the sheet to obtain high-quality workpieces. The upper blade of the shearing machine is fixed on the knife holder, and the lower blade is fixed on the worktable. A material support ball is installed on the worktable, so that the sheet will not be scratched when sliding on it. The back gauge is used for sheet positioning, and the position is adjusted by the motor. The pressing cylinder is used to press the sheet to prevent the sheet from moving during shearing. Guardrails are safety devices to prevent workplace accidents. The return journey generally relies on nitrogen, which is fast and has a small impact.

Operating procedures

First: Conscientiously implement the relevant provisions of the "General Operating Regulations for Forging Equipment".

Second: Conscientiously implement the following supplementary regulations:

1. Before work, do:

1) Before the dry running test, you should use manual cranking for a working stroke, and then start the equipment after confirming that it is normal.

2), equipment with hydraulic devices, check the oil volume of the oil storage tank should be sufficient. After starting the oil pump, check whether there is leakage in the valve and pipeline, and the pressure should meet the requirements. Open the bleed valve to let air out of the system.

2. Seriously do the following at work:

1) It is not allowed to cut laminated sheets, trim the edges of raw sheets, and cut narrow sheets and short sheets that are not tightly pressed.

2) The gap between the blades should be adjusted according to the thickness of the plate, but not greater than 1/30 of the maximum plate. The blade should be fastened firmly, and the upper and lower blade surfaces should be kept parallel. After adjustment, manual turning inspection should be used to avoid accidents.

3) The cutting edge of the blade should be kept sharp. If the cutting edge becomes dull or cracked, it should be replaced in time.

4) When cutting, the pressing device should firmly press the sheet, and it is not allowed to cut in a state where it is not pressed tightly.

5) For equipment with hydraulic devices, other than throttling and cutting, other hydraulic valves are not allowed to be adjusted without permission.

6) For the thickness of the sheet material sheared by the hydraulic pendulum shearing machine, it should be determined according to the "Relationship Curve of Sheet Ultimate Strength and Plate Thickness".

3. After work, the upper blade should be placed in the lowest position.

Before operation, wear tight protective clothing, button the cuffs tightly, and do not open the hem of the top. Do not put on, take off or change clothes next to the running machine, or wrap it around the body to prevent the machine from being strangled. A safety helmet must be worn, the braids should be placed in the cap, and skirts and slippers are not allowed.

The shearing machine operator must be familiar with the main structure, performance and usage of the shearing machine.

The shearing machine is suitable for shearing various steel plates, copper plates, aluminum plates and non-metallic material plates whose material thickness is the rated value of the machine tool, and must be materials without hard marks, welding slag, slag inclusion, and welding seams, and excessive thickness is not allowed.

How to use the shearing machine: adjust the blade gap according to the thickness of the material to be sheared; adjust the template or fixture according to the width of the material to be sheared; make 1-3 empty strokes before the shearing machine is operated, and can only be implemented after normal operation. Cut work.

If it is found that the machine is not running normally during use, it should immediately cut off the power and stop it for inspection.

When adjusting the machine tool, the power must be cut off, and when moving the workpiece, you should pay attention to the safety of your hands.

Each part of the shearing machine should be kept lubricated frequently, the operator should add lubricating oil once every shift, and the mechanic should add lubricating oil to the rolling bearing parts once every six months.

Use caution

1. Start the shearing machine for several cycles of idling, to ensure that under normal conditions, try to cut sheets of different thicknesses, from thin to thick. Make sure the user is familiar with shearing machine performance.

2. Different blade gaps must be adjusted for different plate thicknesses during trial shearing. If the corresponding blade clearance is not adjusted, the blade durability will be affected.

3. Turn on the switch of the pressure gauge during the shearing process, observe the pressure value of the oil circuit, and the pressure should be less than 20MPa when cutting a 12mm plate. This remote pressure regulating valve No.9, the pressure is set at 20-22MPa when it leaves the factory, the user must abide by this regulation, and must not increase the pressure for shearing the surface of the material beyond the specified, causing damage to the machine.

4. The sound is balanced during operation. If the shearing machine is noisy, it should be stopped for inspection.

5. When the shearing machine is operating, the temperature increase of the fuel tank is less than 60 degrees, and when it exceeds the temperature, it will be shut down and rested.

Related news

How to reduce the error of workpiece machining by vertical machining center

For any processing equipment, when there are problems with workpiece processing, such as processing route setting, processing program preparation, processing tool selection, machine tool problems, clamping problems and workpiece material, it will affect the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the workpiece. As a high-precision processing equipment, the commonly used methods of reducing the machining error of the workpiece mainly include the original error reduction method, the error compensation method, the error transfer method, the error grouping method, the error average method and the error synthesis method. 1. Error synthesis method Reducing the error of the machine tool itself is the main method to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece. The error synthesis method requires measuring the original errors of each axis of the machine tool. Laser interferometer is the main detection instrument of vertical machining center because of its high measurement accuracy and flexible use. 2. Error compensation method The error compensation method is to artificially create an error to offset the original error inherent in the process system, or to use one original error to offset another original error, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece of the vertical machining center. Usually, by reducing the clearance of the machine tool, improving the rigidity of the machine tool, and using preload to generate a preload force for the relevant fit, the effect of the clearance is reduced. It can also improve the rigidity of the workpiece and the tool and reduce the overhang length of the tool and the workpiece to improve the rigidity of the process system. It is also possible to adopt reasonable clamping methods and processing methods, reduce cutting force and its changes, reasonably select tool materials, increase rake angle and main declination angle, and conduct reasonable heat treatment of workpiece materials to improve the processing performance of materials, etc. a method. 3. Directly reduce the original error method The method of directly reducing the original error refers to trying to directly reduce or reduce the main original error factors that affect the machining accuracy after identifying the main original error factors. For example, after the vertical machining center is used for a long time, the positioning of the transmission system and the backlash caused by natural wear and tear are inaccurate. Fourth, the error average method The error average method is to use the mutual comparison and mutual correction between the closely related surfaces, or use the mutual benchmark for processing, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the processing error of the vertical machining center. 5. Error transfer method The essence of the error transfer method is the comprehensive error caused by the collective error, force deformation and thermal deformation of the transfer process system. For example, when a vertical machining center performs some hole processing, the coaxiality of the workpiece is not guaranteed by the rotation accuracy of the machine tool spindle, but by the fixture. When the machine tool spindle and the workpiece are connected by floating, the original error of the machine tool spindle will no longer be Affect the machining accuracy, and transfer to the fixture to ensure the machining accuracy. 6. Error grouping method In the machining of vertical machining center, the machining error of this process is caused due to the existence of process blank error. The change of blank error has two main influences on this process: reaction error and positioning error. If the above error is too large, the machining accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and it is unrealistic to improve the blank accuracy or the machining accuracy of the previous process. At this time, the error grouping method can be used, that is, the blank or the previous process size is divided into n groups according to the size of the error, the error of each group of blanks is reduced to the original 1/n, and then the relative position of the tool and the workpiece is adjusted according to each group. Adjust the positioning elements, so that the size dispersion range of the whole batch of workpieces can be greatly reduced. The essence of the error grouping method is to make up for the lack of machining accuracy by means of improving the measurement accuracy, so as to reduce the influence of machining errors.

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